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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 34(2): e201900203, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989053

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To analyze, histomorphologically, the influence of the geometry of nanostructured hydroxyapatite and alginate (HAn/Alg) composites in the initial phase of the bone repair. Methods: Fifteen rats were distributed to three groups: MiHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg microspheres; GrHA - bone defect filled with HAn/Alg granules; and DV - empty bone defect; evaluated after 15 days postoperatively. The experimental surgical model was the critical bone defect, ≅8.5 mm, in rat calvaria. After euthanasia the specimens were embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius and Masson-Goldner's trichrome. Results: The histomorphologic analysis showed, in the MiHA, deposition of osteoid matrix within some microspheres and circumjacent to the others, near the bone edges. In GrHA, the deposition of this matrix was scarce inside and adjacent to the granules. In these two groups, chronic granulomatous inflammation was noted, more evident in GrHA. In the DV, it was observed bone neoformation restricted to the bone edges and formation of connective tissue with reduced thickness in relation to the bone edges, throughout the defect. Conclusion: The geometry of the biomaterials was determinant in the tissue response, since the microspheres showed more favorable to the bone regeneration in relation to the granules.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Durapatite/chemistry , Nanostructures/chemistry , Alginates/chemistry , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Biocompatible Materials/administration & dosage , Bone Regeneration/drug effects , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Rats, Wistar , Durapatite/administration & dosage , Nanostructures/administration & dosage , Alginates/administration & dosage
2.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 30(1): e45, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951999

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity in surgical defects of sheep tibias filled with 1% strontium-containing nanostructured hydroxyapatite microspheres (SrHA), stoichiometric hydroxyapatite without strontium microspheres (HA), or blood clots. Santa Ines sheep were subjected to three perforations on the medial side of the left tibia. The biomaterials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) before implantation and by X-Ray Microfluorescence (µFRX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after sheep tibias implantation. Surgical defects were filled with blood clots (control), SrHA (Group 1) or HA (Group 2). After 30 days, 5-µm bone blocks were obtained for histological evaluation, and the blocks obtained from 1 animal were embedded in methylmethacrylate for undecalcified sections. Mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate remained mild in all experimental groups. Giant cells were observed surrounding biomaterials particles of both groups and areas of bone formation were detected in close contact with biomaterials. All groups showed newly formed bone from the periphery to the center of the defects, which the control, HA and SrHA presented 36.4% (± 21.8), 31.2% (± 14.7) and 26.2% (± 12.9) of newly formed bone density, respectively, not presenting statistical differences. In addition, the connective tissue density did not show any significant between groups. The SrHA showing a higher volume density of biomaterial (51.2 ± 14.1) present in the defect compared to HA (32.6 ± 8.5) after 30 days (p = 0.03). Microspheres containing 1% SrHA or HA can be considered biocompatible, have osteoconductive properties and may be useful biomaterials for clinical applications.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Strontium/pharmacology , Wound Healing/drug effects , Bone Regeneration/drug effects , Bone Substitutes/pharmacology , Nanostructures/chemistry , Hydroxyapatites/pharmacology , Tibia/drug effects , Time Factors , X-Ray Diffraction , Materials Testing , Sheep , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Reproducibility of Results , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Models, Animal , X-Ray Microtomography
3.
ImplantNews ; 11(4): 453-460, 2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-730897

ABSTRACT

A hidroxiapatita (HA) tem sido amplamente utilizada como um importante substituto ósseo. Quando em dimensão nanométrica, assemelha-se em tamanho e morfologia à apatita biológica, podendo ser considerada um biomaterial promissor para aplicação clínica. O estrôncio contribui por atuar na redução da reabsorção óssea e indução na atividade osteoblástica, enquanto os carbonatos favorecem a bioabsorção. Objetivos: caracterizar físico-quimicamente e analisar histologicamente, e de forma comparativa, a hidroxiapatita carbonatada contendo 5% de estrôncio com a hidroxiapatita estequiométrica. Material e métodos: foram utilizados 12 coelhos brancos Nova Zelândia, divididos em: hidroxiapatita carbonatada nanoestruturada contendo 5% de estrôncio (nSrcHA-experimental) e hidroxiapatita carbonatada nanoestruturada (ncHA-controle). Após a confecção dos sítios cirúrgicos, foram implantadas nas cavidades dos seios maxilares microesferas de ncSrHA e ncHA, nos lados esquerdo e direito, respectivamente. Os animais foram eutanasiados para análise histológica após quatro e 12 semanas. Resultados: após quatro semanas, o grupo ncHA apresentou osso neoformado e pavimentação osteoblástica próximo da parede do defeito. No grupo nSrcHA, o biomaterial apresentou-se de forma difusa com uma maior deposição de matriz osteogênica em torno do biomaterial, tecido ósseo neoformado próximo das paredes e no interior dos defeitos. No período de 12 semanas o grupo ncHA exibiu biomaterial no interior do defeito e osso neoformado, enquanto no grupo nSrcHA observou-se uma intensa formação óssea no interior do defeito com presença de osteócitos. Conclusão: ambos os materiais foram biocompatíveis e osteocondutores.


Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used as an important bone substitute. Its nanometer scale is similar in size and morphology of biological apatite, which can be considered a promising biomaterial for clinical application. Strontium contributes to reduce bone resorption and induces osteoblast activity, whereas the carbonates favor bio-absorption. Objectives: to perform physico-chemical and histological characterization of nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite containing 5% strontium and the stoichiometric hydroxyapatite. Material and methods: twelve white New Zealand rabbits were used in this study and divided into nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite containing 5% strontium (ncSrHA-experimental) and nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite (ncHA-control). Two surgical defects were created in the maxillary sinus cavities and received microspheres of ncSrHA and ncHA in the left and right sides, respectively. After the experimental periods of 4 and 12 weeks, the animals were euthanized for histological analysis. Results: after four weeks, the ncHA group showed new bone formation and osteoblastic layer near the defect wall. For ncSrHA, a diffuse, increased osteogenic matrix deposition was seen around the biomaterial, with newly formed bone near the walls and inside the defects. At 12 weeks, the ncHA group exhibited biomaterial inside the defect and new bone formation, while in the ncSrHA group an intense bone formation within the defect with presence of osteocytes was observed. Conclusion: both materials are biocompatible and osteoconductive.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Maxillary Sinus , Nanotechnology , Strontium
4.
ImplantNews ; 10(6a): 138-143, 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-761249

ABSTRACT

Os fosfatos de cálcio, como a hidroxiapatita, constituem um dos materiais mais utilizados para terapias ósseas devido à sua biocompatibilidade e atividade osseocondutora, contudo, sua utilização pelo Sistema Único de Saúde foi descontinuado em função de sua baixa bioabsorção.A carbonatoapatita foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de melhorar as propriedades de dissolução da hidroxiapatita em fluidos corporais, além de mimetizar o osso natural graças à composição nanoestruturada de suas partículas menores que 100 nm. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade e biodegradação da carbonatoapatita sintetizada a 5°C, 37°C e 90°C não sinterizada, em comparação à hidroxiapatita estequiométrica sintetizada a 90°C e sinterizada. Foram utilizados 60 camundongos Balb-C, ambos os gêneros, distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos, de acordo com os materiais estudados, e subdivididos em três subgrupos seguindo os períodos experimentais. Após os procedimentos de anestesia, tricotomia e antissepsia, uma incisão de 10 mm foi realizada na região dorsal dos animais para implantação subcutânea de esferas do biomaterial, seguido de sutura. Os animais foram eutanasiados após uma, três e nove semanas para remoção das amostras e tecidos circunjacentes. As amostras foram processadas histologicamente e incluídas em parafina, e cortes com 5 μm de espessura foram obtidos e corados com hematoxilina e eosina. Os resultados histológicos demonstraram que os grupos de carbonatoapatita testados apresentaram biodegradação nos períodos avaliados, além de diminuição da reação inflamatória e neoformação de vasos sanguíneos circundando as esferas. Concluiu-se que, independente da temperatura de síntese, a carbonatoapatita apresentou-se biocompatível e biodegradável nos períodos avaliados...


Calcium phosphates, such as hydroxyapatite, constitute one of the most used materials for bone therapies due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive activity, however, its use by the National Health System was discontinued due to its low bioabsorption rate. The carbonate apatite was developed with the objective of improving the dissolution properties of hydroxyapatite in body fl uids and mimic natural bone through their nanostructured particles smaller than 100 nm. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and biodegradation of carbonate apatite synthesized at 5°C, 37°C, and 90°C and not sintered, compared to stoichiometric hydroxyapatite synthesized at 90ºC. Sixty mice Balb-C (both genders) were randomly distributed into four groups according to the materials studied and subdivided into three subgroups following the experimental periods. After anesthesia and trychotomy procedures, a ten-millimeter incision was made in the dorsal region for subcutaneous implantation of biomaterial spheres. The animals were killed after one, three, and nine weeks after surgery. Samples containing biomaterials and surrounding tissues were removed, histologically processed, included in 5μm thick paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin method. The histological results showed that the carbonate apatite groups tested presented biodegradation in the evaluated periods, plus a decrease in inflammation and neovascularization surrounding the spheres. It is concluded that regardless of synthesis temperature, the carbonate apatite presented biocompatible and demonstrated biodegradation in the evaluated periods...


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Biocompatible Materials , Materials Testing
5.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 60(4): 419-423, out.-dez. 2012. ilus
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-874833

ABSTRACT

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the biological response after implantation of a novel alginate-capsule membrane. Methods The material was implanted into subcutaneous tissue of mice (n=15) and after 1, 3 and 9 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and biopsies analyzed with light microscopy, using the stains hematoxylin-eosin, picrosirius and alcian blue pH 2.5. The parameters evaluated were: intensity and kind of inflammatory infiltrate, presence of connective tissue, foreign body reaction, vascularization and biodegradation. Results 1 week after implantation, the following was observed: mixed inflammatory infiltrate, absence of necrosis and beginnings of membrane fragmentation; after 3 weeks, discrete presence of multinuclear giant cells and beginnings of neovascularization; and after 9 weeks there was minor biodegradation associated with the presence of new connective tissue, and persistence of moderate inflammatory reaction observed from beginning to end of the experiment. Conclusion Considering the results obtained, it is possible to conclude that the novel alginate-capsule membrane is partially reabsorbable but with low biocompatibility, requiring more tests to validate its clinical use.


Objetivo Avaliar in vivo a resposta tecidual após a implantação de uma nova membrana de alginato-capsul. Métodos O material foi implantado no tecido subcutâneo de camundongos (n=15) e após 1, 3 e 9 semanas, os animais foram mortos e as biópsias analisadas à microscopia de luz, através de coloração com hematoxilina-eosina, picrosirius e azul de alcian pH 2,5. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: intensidade e tipo de infiltrado inflamatório, presença de tecido conjuntivo, reação de corpo estranho, vascularização e biodegradação. Resultados Após 1 semana da implantação, notou-se infiltrado inflamatório misto, ausência de necrose e início de fragmentação da membrana, em 3 semanas, observou-se presença discreta de células gigantes multinucleadas e início de neovascularização, e em 9 semanas houve pequena biodegradação associada com a presença de novo tecido conjuntivo e persistência de reação inflamatória moderada observada desde o início do experimento. Conclusão Considerando os resultados obtidos concluiu-se que a nova membrana de alginato-capsul é parcialmente reabsorvível, mas com baixa biocompatibilidade, necessitando de mais testes para validar seu uso clínico.


Subject(s)
Seaweed , Tissue Engineering , Materials Testing
6.
Rev. flum. odontol ; 16(34): 7-12, jul.-dez. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-605623

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar as avaliações ultra-estrutural e microbiológica de um biomaterial constituído de microesferas de hidroxiapatita associadas à clorexidina visando à aplicação no tratamento das periodontopatias. Foram desenvolvidos estudos sobre associação hidroxiapatita e clorexidina e feitas caracterizações físicas e morfológicas. Ensaios microbiológicos foram realizados para avaliação da capacidade de microesferas de hidroxiapatita contendo clorexidina de inibir o crescimento de E. faecalis. Os resultados demonstraram uma ligação estável entre hidroxiapatita e clorexidina sem prejudicar a estrutura cristalina da hidroxiapatita após a adsorção de clorexidina. A clorexidina presente na hidroxiapatita manteve atividade antimicrobiana inibindo o crescimento de E. faecalis. Os resultados obtidos sinalizam para a realização de testes in vivo e a aplicação do material obtido em estudos pré-clínicos.


The aim of this study was the ultrastructural and microbiological evaluations of a biomaterial composed of hydroxyapatite microspheres associated with chlorhexidine designing their application in the treatment of periodontal diseases. Studies were conducted on hydroxyapatite and chlorhexidine association and made physical and morphological characterizations. Microbiological tests were conducted to evaluate the ability of hydroxyapatite microspheres containing chlorhexidine to inhibit the proliferation of E. faecalis. The results demonstrated a stable Bond between hydroxyapatite and chlorhexidine, with maintenance of the crystalline structure of hydroxyapatite after adsorption of chlorhexidine. Chlorhexidine present in hydroxyapatite maintained antimicrobial activity inhibiting the growth of E. faecalis. The results point out the in vivo testing and application of the material obtained in preclinical studies.


Subject(s)
Chlorhexidine , Durapatite , Periodontics
7.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-561124

ABSTRACT

Com o avanço das pesquisas em biomateriais, tem sido sugerido que a melhor osteocondutividade da hidroxiapatita seria alcançada se o seu cristal estivesse mais próximo da estrutura, tamanho e morfologia da apatita biológica, por isso a nano-hidroxiapatita (nano-HA) é de grande interesse atual. Os íons estrôncio são conhecidos por reduzir a reabsorção óssea, induzir a atividade osteoblástica e estimular a formação óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade e a osteocondução em defeitos cirúrgicos preenchidos com microesferas de nano-hidroxiapatita contendo estrôncio a 1% (nano-SrHA), microesferas de nano-HA estequiométrica (nano-HA) em comparação ao coágulo (controle). Quatro ovelhas Santa Inês, pesando em média 32 kg, foram anestesiadas e submetidas a três perfurações de 2 mm de diâmetro na face medial da tíbia. Os defeitos cirúrgicos foram preenchidos com coágulo sanguíneo, microesferas de Sr-HA 1% e microesferas de HA. Após 30 dias as amostras foram trefinadas (6 mm), descalcificadas, processadas para inclusão em parafina e coradas com hematoxilina e eosina (HE) para avaliação histológica com microscopia de luz. Todos os grupos revelaram neoformação óssea da periferia para o centro do defeito, sendo o grupo nano-SrHA com menor intensidade dentre os estudados. Presença de discreto infiltrado inflamatório mononuclear em todos os grupos experimentais. Células gigantes do tipo corpo estranho só foram observadas no grupo da HA. Áreas de neoformação óssea foram observadas em íntimo contato com ambos os biomateriais. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, microesferas de HA e SrHA 1% são biocompatíveis e apresentam propriedade de osteocondução.


With the advances on biomaterials research have suggested that the best osteoconductivity of hydroxyapatite could be achieved if the crystal was closer to the structure, size and morphology of biological apatite, so the nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) is of current interest. Strontium ions are known to reduce bone resorption, induce osteoblastic activity and thus stimulate bone formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and osteoconductive in surgical defects filled with spheres of nano-hydroxyapatite containing strontium 1% (nano-SrHA), nano-hydroxyapatite stoichiometric (nano-HA) when compared to the blood clot (control). Four Santa Inês sheeps, weighing on average 32 kg were anesthetized and subjected to three perforation 2 mm in diameter on the medial site of tibia. The surgical defects were filled with blood clot, Sr-HA 1% microspheres and HA microspheres. After 30 days the samples were trephyned (6 mm), decalcifi ed, processed for embedding in paraffi n and stained with hematoxilin and eosin (HE) for histological evaluation with light microscopy. All groups showed new bone formation from the periphery to the center of the defects, and the group nano-Sr with a lesser extent among those studied. The mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate remained mild in all experimental groups. The presence of giant cells type foreign body was detected only in the HA group. Areas of bone formation were detected in close contact with biomaterials. According to the results spheres containing nano-SrHA 1% and nano-HA can be considered as biocompatible and with osteoconductive properties.


Subject(s)
Animals , Durapatite , Sheep , Strontium
8.
Acta ortop. bras ; 17(6): 340-343, 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-543185

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Os xenoenxertos são uma alternativa aos enxertos autogênicos e devem ser osteocondutores e biocompatíveis. Um estudo recente demonstrou que as características físicas e químicas das hidroxiapatitas encontradas no comércio não são condizentes com as descrições dos fabricantes. Este estudo avalia a biocompatibilidade e a osteocondução de um xenoenxerto derivado de osso medular bovino. MÉTODOS: Quinze coelhos adultos, pesando entre 2.500g e 3.000g cada um, foram anestesiados e submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos para criar três perfurações na tíbia, com 2 mm de diâmetro. Esses orifícios foram preenchidos com coágulo sanguineo, Osseus® e Bio-Oss®. Os animais foram sacrificados depois de 7, 14 e 28 dias. RESULTADOS: A análise histopatológica da interface de osso e biomaterial mostrou ligeira resposta inflamatória depois de 7 dias, que esteve ausente nos períodos subsequentes. Ambos os materiais foram parcialmente substituídos por tecido ósseo diretamente em contato com a superfície dos materiais, sem ocorrência de fibrose. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que ambos os materiais são biocompatíveis e absorvíveis, o que permite progressiva aposição óssea na superfície durante todo o período de avaliação.


OBJECTIVE: Xenografts are an alternative to autogenous grafts and must be osteoconductive and biocompatible. A recent study has demonstrated that the physical and chemical characteristics of commercially available hydroxyapatites do not fit the manufacturers' descriptions. This study evaluates the biocompatibility and osteoconduction of a xenograft derived from bovine medullary bone. METHODS: Fifteen adult rabbits weighing between 2,500 g and 3,000 g each were anesthetized and subjected to surgical procedures to create three perforations in the tibia, with a diameter of 2 mm. These were filled with blood clot, Osseus® and Bio-Oss®. The animals were euthanized after 7, 14 and 28 days. RESULTS: Histopathological analysis of the interface between the bone and the biomaterial showed a slight inflammatory response after 7 days, which was absent in the subsequent periods. Both materials were partially replaced by bone tissue directly in contact with the surface of the materials, without the occurrence of fibrosis. CONCLUSION: We concluded that both materials are biocompatible and absorbable, allowing for progressive bone apposition on the surface throughout the evaluation period.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Bone Regeneration , Bone Transplantation , Materials Testing , Transplantation, Heterologous , Tibia/injuries , Biocompatible Materials , Hydroxyapatites
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